History of peoples
History of the peoples of the Caucasus
Essays on the history of the peoples of the Caucasus: origins, lands, language, faith, social structure and key events, presented according to scholarly sources. Contested questions are marked separately.
Chechens · Nokhchiy
History of the Chechens
A Nakh people of the Eastern Caucasus: origins, teip society, the path to Islam, the Caucasian War, the deportation of 1944 and recent history.
Read the history →
Ingush · Ingush
History of the Ingush
A Nakh people of the central part of the North Caucasus: tower culture, mountain societies, ancient sanctuaries, deportation and recent history.
Read the history →
Circassians (Adyghe) · Adyghe
History of the Adyghe (Circassians)
An Abkhazo-Adyghean people of the North-Western Caucasus: ancient roots, Adyghe Khabze, Kabarda and the West Adyghe societies, the Russo-Caucasian War, the expulsion of the 1860s and the diaspora.
Read the history →
Avars · Magharulal
History of the Avars
The largest people of Dagestan: Sarir and the Avar Khanate, unions of rural communities, Islamic scholarship, the imamate and the Caucasian War, Soviet and modern Dagestan.
Read the history →
Ossetians · Iron · Digoron
History of the Ossetians
An Iranian-speaking people of the Central Caucasus: the Alan heritage, the Nart epic, mountain societies, Christianity and Islam, accession to Russia, North and South Ossetia.
Read the history →
Georgians · ქართველები · Kartvelebi
History of the Georgians
A Kartvelian people of the South Caucasus: Colchis and Iberia, early Christianity, the unified kingdom of the 11th–13th centuries, disintegration and invasions, the Russian Empire, independence in 1918 and 1991.
Read the history →